A Review of the Corporate Social Responsibility Strategies of the Oil Companies. Introduction. Historically, the Niger Delta conflict dates back to the Akassa Raid of 1. The latest travel information, deals, guides and reviews from USA TODAY Travel. This year, as we check out the second generation of Moto Z phones, theres no split between a new Z and new Z Force model. Instead, Motorola has seriously slimmed. Weighing in at a sleek 45 lbs., the Delta 14 Kayak with Rudder from Delta Kayaks delivers speed and stability and offers tons of gear storage for weekend trips and. The first installment in a series of pictures, The Delta Force was loosely based on the true events of a June 1985 hijacking. The leader of an antiterrorist force. Delta Force 3 Crack' title='Delta Force 3 Crack' />British merchants. The consequences of the Akassa Raid included the British invalidation and overthrow of the Royal Niger Company RNC and later colonialism. However, the regions feeling of domination was exacerbated in the 1. The reason being that after many years of oil exploitation there is yet to be any subsequent development. Instead, the region has remained impoverished, polluted and under employed Etekpe, 2. This web page is dedicated to our good friend, retired armored vehicle engineer Bill Criswell who passed away a few years ago. A courageous and wise voice of reason. The official PlayStationStore Buy the latest PlayStation games, movies and TV shows for your PS4, PS3 and PS Vita. Beside the obvious reasons you shouldnt get a heart with your moms name in it tattooed right above your genitals, there are plenty youve probably never thought of. This article evaluates the nature of corporate social responsibility related oil conflict with emphasis on the key reasons for the conflict in the Niger Delta region. United Nations Department of Political Affairs and United Nations Environment Programme 2. This article is unique because it identifies the nexus between the politics of oil and CSR conflicts, and offers suggestions on potential abatement measures for providing peace and stability. In fact, the inhabitants of the region have been subjected to untold hardship through oil pollution, environmental degradation, and the destruction of both the entire environment and the local populations sources of livelihood Oviasuyi and Uwadiae, 2. Okolie Osemene, 2. Adams, 2. 01. 4 Aghalino, 2. Aghalino, 2. 01. 1 Aghalino, 2. Arinze 2. 01. 0 Aghalino and Okolie Osemene, 2. Evoh, 2. 00. 9. This is one of the drivers of the conflict because land is a resource that means a lot to the people. According to Aghalino 2. Delta Force 3 Crack' title='Delta Force 3 Crack' />This is due to the socio cultural significance of land in such communities where some corporate practices clash with the traditional beliefs of the people. Although many scholars have conducted studies concerning the Niger Delta, this article specifically explores the nature of CSR related conflict and how the multinational oil companies MNOCs have been the stakeholders of conflict with the support of government against the host communities. On the multidimensional problems of the Niger Delta,Oviasuyi and Uwadiae 2. It is therefore pertinent to establish a relationship between the conflict, environmental degradation and CSR issues as the next section deliberates on the major causes of the conflict. Key Causes of the Conflict. The conflict in the Niger Delta is triggered by a number of factors. These include but are not limited to the revenue allocation formula and resource control, federalism, environmental degradation, state imposed poverty, unfulfilled promises made by the government to mention a few. Delta-Force-Black-Hawk-Down-2.jpg' alt='Delta Force 3 Crack' title='Delta Force 3 Crack' />The revenue allocation formula being adopted by the Nigerian Government has been particularly criticized and rejected by scholars for not reflecting the interests of the people in the Niger Delta region, where over 8. The restiveness in the Niger Delta region is attributed to the politics surrounding resource control by the federal government. In the opinion of Ojakarotu 2. Niger Delta upheaval in relation to revenue allocation has grown from bad to worse by assuming horrendous dimensions in the early 1. Nigerian state but also the policies, attitudes, and activities of the multinational oil companies MNOCs in the region. The Niger Delta conflict is premised on the laws regulating oil exploration and land ownership, which the Niger Delta militants believe must be abrogated as they do not represent their interests as the host communities Nna and Ibaba, 2. Closely related to this view is the argument by Watts, Okonta and Kemedi 2. The Niger Delta conflict has been given different interpretations by different ethnic groups, comprising the Nigerian State. Notwithstanding, the divergent interpretations of the Nigerian people on the issue of conflict in the Niger Delta, the people of the Niger Delta tend to be highly passionate about the issue of resource control. It has been observed that, over the years, the people of the Niger Delta have consistently argued at various forums that resource control is the basis of the problems in the Niger Delta region Ojakaruotu, 2. He further suggests that as far as the Niger Delta is concerned, resource control is the sine qua non for sustainable peace and development in Nigeria. To corroborate this point Obi 2. Nigeria is the major cause of most of the conflicts in the area, and how well the government is able to resolve it would largely determine the peace and development of the region. Consequently, the dialectics of resource control are critical to an understanding of the dilemma of the minorities in the oil producing communities in Nigeria. The Complete Arranger Revised Edition more. This is because resource control has been the basis of many of the unending conflicts in the region, especially in recent times. The agitation for resource control draws heavily on the structural deformities of the Nigerian state, which have constantly negated the aspirations of the oil producing minority states in terms of sustainable development of the region Ojakarotu, 2. The perception of the people within the host communities of the Niger Delta is that, rather than achieve development, oil production activities in the region has bedevilled the communities with environmental degradation, mass poverty, oppression, coupled with cases of human rights violations by government security agents in the region. In the argument of Oyefusi 2. The grievances of the Niger Delta people over the revenue allocation mechanism in the country allegedly prompted the renowned environmental activist, Ken Sarowiwa, to embark on a peaceful struggle for the emancipation of the Ogoni People from state imposed poverty Moro, 2. According to Ejibunu 2. P. 7, in 1. 99. 0, the Ogonis took an evaluation of their situation and came to a conclusion that despite the stupendous oil and gas wealth in their land that feeds the entire nation, the Ogoni people still unfortunately live in poverty and squalor. Unemployment and underemployment are running higher by the day, and worse still, Niger Delta environment has been adversely affected by reckless oil exploitation, or ecological warfare being sponsored against the people by the transnational oil industries operating in the area. The Ogonis believe that their existence as a people is endangered by environmental degradation, political marginalization, economic strangulation and slavery, which the people of the region are being subjected to every day. Yet both the government and the MNOCs are yet to respond to the local peoples call for justice. It was towards this direction that Ojakaruotu 2. Some of the organisations fighting for the economic liberation of the Niger Delta people include the Pan Niger Delta Resistance Movement, the Environmental Rights Action ERA, the Ijaw Youth Council IYC the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People MOSOP, the Movement for Reparation to Ogbia MORETO and the Movement for the Survival of the Ijo in the Niger Delta MOSIEND. It is pertinent to mention that each group was formed with an inclination towards ethnic nationalism in order to liberate the people in the Niger Delta region. Obi 2. 00. 1, p. Niger Delta as being a gradual process, where ethnic identity is transformed into a mobilizing element, not only for contesting access to state and oil power., but also a modality for organizing social forces into an alliance for resisting, alienating, extracting and excluding the Niger Delta from the proceeds meant to alleviate the suffering of the people having been deprived of the use of their land and water to earn a living.